Iran Revolution Essays

Other measures of social development have similarly improved.

Other measures of social development have similarly improved.

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Meanwhile, female students have outnumbered their male counterparts at universities for more than a decade.

However, while statistics indicate that absolute poverty has declined sharply, a majority of Iranians continue to suffer from socio-economic precariousness.

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In rural Iran, the expansion of health and education led to a clear reduction in poverty: the 1970s poverty rate of 25% dropped to less than 10% in 2014.

These social policies, biased in favour of the poor, help explain why Iranʹs Human Development Index (HDI) has been relatively positive. Defined as those with middle-class qualifications and aspirations, but suffering from socio-economic precariousness, this group was considered the social base of the 2017-18 uprising and is widely expected to continue to voice its anger and frustration, writes Fethollah-Nejad Unlike before the revolution, most Iranians today enjoy access to basic services and infrastructure, while the population has almost doubled and most of the country is urbanised.Fourteen percent of Iranians live in tents, according to the Statistical Centre of Iran, and one-third of the urban population lives in slums.The living conditions of what anthropologist Shahram Khosravi calls Iranʹs "other half", or working-class poor, are striking: a 17-fold increase in the number of Iranians living in slums; 50% of the work force have only irregular employment; approximately 10 to 13 million Iranians "entirely excluded from health, work or unemployment insurance." Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Economy, Hassan Rouhani, Iran conflict, Iran's Green movement, Iranian clerics, Iranian nuclear programme, Iranian opposition, Islamic Revolution of Iran Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Economy, Hassan Rouhani, Iran conflict, Iran's Green movement, Iranian clerics, Iranian nuclear programme, Iranian opposition, Islamic Revolution of Iran Mohammed Alaa al-Jaleel says: "If you feel compassion towards people, you should feel compassion towards all living things." The Syrian rescues cats from the ruins left behind by the civil war - first in Aleppo and now in Idlib.Iranʹs paradoxical quest for social justice The shift from the shahʹs pro-urban, elite-centred policies to a pro-rural and pro-poor (populist) approach under the Islamic Republic included expanding infrastructure and basic services – such as electricity and clean water – from cities to the countryside.In short, the revolution sought to eliminate the rural-urban divide.While some claim that under the Islamist regime remarkable progress has been made, others depict an entire country mired in misery. Iran has indeed experienced progress over the last 40 years.Whether these successes have been a result of post-revolutionary policies, societal pressures, or the foundations laid by the shah remains hotly debated.What attracted him to the Iranian Revolution was precisely its ambiguity.Theoretically sophisticated and empirically rich, this interdisciplinary work will spark a lively debate in its insistence that what informed Foucault’s writing was not an effort to understand Islamism but, rather, his conviction that Enlightenment rationality has not closed the gate of unknown possibilities for human societies.is a courageous and thought-provoking invitation to understand the Iranian revolution, and Foucault’s reaction to it, in an original way.A splendid work that goes beyond simple binaries, it has no sympathy for the clichéd vocabulary used by Progressivists to describe these events—or to criticize Foucault for his alleged romanticisation of the Iranian revolution.